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¸Ó§½©ó¬O¶µ²Õ´±ø¨Ò­×¥¿³q¹L«á¡A±N³v¨B¥R¹ê±M§Q°Ó¼Ð°ò¼h¼f¬d¤H¤O¡A´£°ª¼f®×³t«×»P«~½è¡A¸¨¹ê¸gµo·|¡u°·¥þ´¼¼z°]²£Åv¤§¼f¬d¾÷¨î¡v¨Mij¡A¥H«P¶i²£·~§Þ³Nµo®i¡A´£ª@°ê®aÄvª§¤O¡C 

Amendments to Statute for Organization of IPO, MOEA

The President had on July 17, 2002 promulgated the Partial Amendments to the Statute for Organization of Intellectual Property Office, Ministry of Economic Affairs, which entered into force as of the date of promulgation.  The present amendments revised 4 of the articles, including adding 90 patent assistant examiners and 10 trademark assistant examiners; removing 11 patent senior examiners, 24 patent examiners and 7 assistant technicians, who will be reorganized as patent assistant examiners; revising length of the period in which the number of professional personnel and part-time patent examiners employed will be gradually reduced, which is extended to 8 years, in order to facilitate personnel training and passing on of experience; in addition, in order to meet the needs of special and rare patent cases, part-time patent examiners may be retained, whose number should not exceed 10% of the total personnel quota authorized under the Statute. 

Once these Regulations have been passed, the IPO will gradually strengthen its frontline personnel for patent and trademark examiners, increase examination efficiency and quality, and truly realize the EDAC's resolution to "create a sound IPR examination system".  These measures will help to promote Taiwan's industrial technological development and enhance our international competitiveness. 

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¦æ¬F°|¤w©ó¥»¡]91¡^¦~7¤ë12¤é®Ö©wªk°È³¡©Ò§e³ø¤§¡u«OÅ@´¼¼z°]²£Åv¦æ°Ê¦~¬d½r±M®×­pµe¡v­×¥¿®×¡A±N¸Ó±M®×­pµe©µªø¦Ü¥»¦~12¤ë31¤é¡A¥þ¤O¥[±j¬d½rµsª©¥é«_¡C¸Ó±M®×­pµe¦Û¥»¦~1¤ë30¤é®i¶}¥þ¬Ù¦P¨B¬d½r¦æ°Ê¡A¨´6¤ë30¤é¤î­p¬dÀòµsª©«~Á`­È¹w¦ô¶W¹L·s¥x¹ô60»õ¾l¤¸¡C 

¤º¬F³¡Äµ¬F¸p©ó¥»¦~3¤ë³d¦¨«O¤GÁ`¶¤¥H¥ô°È½s²Õ¤è¦¡¡A½s¨î100¦W«OÅ@´¼¼z°]²£Åv±M³dĵ¤O¡A¬d½r«I®`´¼¼z°]²£Åv®×¥ó¡Fĵ¬F¸p¨Ã¹w©w©ó©ú¡]92¡^¦~¡A¦¨¥ß«OÅ@´¼¼z°]²£Åvĵ¹î¤j¶¤¡Aªì¨B¹w­pĵ¤O¬°220¦W¡C 

Outstanding Prosecution Results for Protection of IPR Action Year

The Executive Yuan had on July 12, 2002 approved the Ministry of Justice's application to revise the "Protection of Intellectual Property Rights Action Year Prosecution Plan", by extending the Plan to December 31 of this year, so as to spearhead prosecution of counterfeiting.  The said Plan had commenced across the island on January 30, 2002, and as at June 30 had seized counterfeit goods with a total value in excess of NT$6,000 million.

 

The National Police Administration (NPA) of the Ministry of Interior had in March this year established the Pao-2 Taskforce, whose 100 members were specifically assigned to protect intellectual property rights and investigate IPR infringement cases.  The NPA also intends to establish an IPR Protection Police Team in 2003, which is forecasted to have an initial manpower of 220. 

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(1)10¤ë¡G®Öµo¬d½r¥é«_¼úª÷®×¥ó¦@153¥ó­p675,064¤¸¡A§t¬A°Ó¼Ð17¥ó¡B±M§Q1¥ó¤ÎµÛ§@Åv135¥ó¡A¦Ó¬dÀò¤§¥é«_°Ó«~¦ô­È¬°17,060,032¤¸¡C

(2)11¤ë¡G®Öµo¬d½r¥é«_¼úª÷®×¥ó¦@137¥ó­p637,614¤¸¡A¥]§t°Ó¼Ð17¥ó¡B±M§Q1¥ó¤ÎµÛ§@Åv119¥ó¡A¦Ó¬dÀò¤§¥é«_°Ó«~¦ô­È¬°13,953,249¤¸¡C

(3)12¤ë¡G®Öµo¬d½r¥é«_¼úª÷®×¥ó¦@77¥ó­p196,700¤¸¡A¥]¬A°Ó¼Ð2¥ó¡B±M§Q1¥ó¤ÎµÛ§@Åv74¥ó¡A¦Ó¬dÀò¤§¥é«_°Ó«~¦ô­È¬°3,523,892¤¸¡C 

Work by Anti-Counterfeiting Committee in 4th Quarter of 2001

According to statistics released by the Anti-Counterfeiting Committee (ACC) of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, during the period from October to December 2001, the ACC investigated 74 cases of suspected counterfeiting (being 28 in October, 17 in November, and 29 in December) and 42 complaint cases (12 in October, 13 in November, and 17 in December). 

During this period, the ACC approved a total of 367 applications by police and investigators for rewards for anti-counterfeiting efforts, totaling NT$1,509,378 (the value of counterfeit products seized is estimated at NT$34,537,173).  The details are as follows:

(1)October:  There were 153 reward applications, totaling NT$675,064, which included 17 trademark, 1 patent, and 135 copyright cases, with total estimated value of seized counterfeit products being NT$17,060,032;

(2)November:  There were 137 reward applications, totaling NT$637,614, which included 17 trademark, 1 patent, and 119 copyright cases, with total estimated value of seized counterfeit products being NT$13,953,249;

(3)December:  There were 77 reward applications, totaling NT$196,700, which included 2 trademark, 1 patent, and 74 copyright cases, with total estimated value of seized counterfeit products being NT$3,523,892. 

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¯÷¾Ú¤º¬F³¡Äµ¬F¸p²Î­p¸ê®Æ«ü¥X¡A¸Ó¸p¤E¤Q¦~¤Q¦Ü¤Q¤G¤ë¨Ì¯A¶û«I®`´¼¼z°]²£Åv¦Ó²¾°e°»¿ì¤§®×¥ó­p1,386¥ó¡]1,631¤H¡^¡A¤À§O¬°¯A¶û¥é«_°Ó¼Ð®×¥ó125¥ó188¤H¡]§t10¤ë40¥ó56¤H¡B11¤ë30¥ó45¤H¤Î12¤ë55¥ó87¤H¡^¡B«I®`±M§QÅv®×¥ó35¥ó51¤H¡]¥]¬A10¤ë17¥ó27¤H¡B11¤ë9¥ó12¤H¤Î12¤ë9¥ó12¤H¡^»P«I®`µÛ§@Åv®×¥ó1,226¥ó1,392¤H¡]¥]§t10¤ë431¥ó497¤H¡B11¤ë437¥ó498¤H¤Î12¤ë358¥ó397¤H¡^¡C 

¥t¬O¶µ´Á¶¡¯A¥~µÛ§@Åv®×¥ó­p194¥ó234¤H¡]§t10¤ë75¥ó96¤H¡B11¤ë62¥ó81¤H¤Î12¤ë57¥ó57¤H¡^¡A¨ä¤¤¯A¬ü®×¥ó¦@186¥ó226¤H(¥]§t10¤ë70¥ó91¤H¡B11¤ë61¥ó80¤H¤Î12¤ë55¥ó55¤H¡C) 

¦¹¥~¡A¸Ó´Á¶¡¬dÀò¤§¥é«_°Ó«~¥«»ù¦ô­È¬°·s¥x¹ô1,422,953,690¤¸¡]§t10¤ë327,826,864¤¸¡B11¤ë817,780,928¤¸¤Î12¤ë277,345,898¤¸¡^¡C 

IPR Protection Work by NPA in 4th Quarter of 2001

According to statistics released by the National Police Administration (NPA) of the Ministry of Interior, during the period from October to December 2001 the NPA had handled a total of 1,386 cases of alleged infringement of IPR (1,631 defendants). This consists of 125 cases of alleged trademark infringement involving 188 defendants (being 40 cases with 56 defendants in October, 30 cases with 45 defendants in November, and 55 cases with 87 defendants in December), 35 cases of patent infringement involving 51 defendants (being 17 cases with 27 defendants in October, 9 cases with 12 defendants in November, and 9 cases with 12 defendants in December), and 1,226 cases of copyright infringement involving 1,392 defendants (being 431 cases with 497 defendants in October, 437 cases with 498 defendants in November, and 358 cases with 397 defendants in December). 

During this period, 194 cases with 234 defendants involved infringement of foreign-owned copyright (being 75 cases with 96 defendants in October, 62 cases with 81 defendants in November, and 57 cases with 57 defendants in December).  Amongst these, 186 cases with 226 defendants involved infringement of U.S.-owned copyright (being 70 cases with 91 defendants in October, 61 cases with 80 defendants in November, and 55 cases with 55 defendants in December). 

The total market value of counterfeit products seized during this period is NT$1,422,953,690 (consisting of NT$327,826,864 in October, NT$817,780,928 in November, and NT$277,345,898 in December). 

5.®üÃö¤E¤Q¦~²Ä¥|©u¬dÀò¥X¤f³fª«°Ó¼Ð¥Ó³ø¤£²Å®×¥ó³B²z±¡§Î

®Ú¾Ú®üÃö¤E¤Q¦~¤Q¦Ü¤Q¤G¤ë¥÷¬dÀò¥X¤f³fª«°Ó¼Ð¥Ó³ø¤£²Å®×¥ó³B²z±¡§Î²Î­p¸ê®Æ©ÜÅS¡A¹B°Ê¾¹§÷­ã¤©©ñ¦æ¡]©Î¨ãµ²©ñ¦æ¡^ªÌ1¥ó¡B¨T¡]¾÷¡^¨®¹s¥ó­ã¤©©ñ¦æ¡]©Î¨ãµ²©ñ¦æ¡^ªÌ1¥ó¡B¤ÆùÛ«~­ã¤©©ñ¦æ¡]©Î¨ãµ²©ñ¦æ¡^¡B³d¥O°hÃö¤Î¨ä¥LªÌ¦U1¥ó¡B¹q¸£²£«~­ã¤©©ñ¦æ¡]©Î¨ãµ²©ñ¦æ¡^¤Î¨ä¥LªÌ¦U¦³7¥ó»P1¥ó¡B¶ì½¦»s«~­ã¤©©ñ¦æ¡]©Î¨ãµ²©ñ¦æ¡^¡B³d¥O°hÃö¤Î¨ä¥LªÌ¦U1¥ó¡B¯¼Â´«~­ã¤©©ñ¦æ¡]©Î¨ãµ²©ñ¦æ¡^¤Î³d¥O°hÃöªÌ¦U¦³10¥ó¤Î1¥ó¡B¹q¤l¹s¥ó­ã¤©©ñ¦æ¡]©Î¨ãµ²©ñ¦æ¡^¤Î³d¥O°hÃö¦U¦³5¥ó¤Î1¥ó¡B¨ä¥L³f«~¤§­ã¤©©ñ¦æ¡]©Î¨ãµ²©ñ¦æ¡^¤Î³d¥O°hÃö¤À§O¦³30¥ó¤Î4¥ó¡C 

Customs Inspections of Export Product Trademark Declarations in 4th Quarter 2001

According to statistics released by the Customs concerning discovery of inaccurate export product trademark declarations during the period from October to December 2001:

Sporting goods:  1 case released with authorization or bond;

Automotive components:  1 case released with authorization or bond;

Cosmetics goods:  1 case released with authorization or bond, 1 case exportation denied, 1 other case;

Computer goods:  7 cases released with authorization or bond, 1 other case;

Plastic goods:  1 case released with authorization or bond, 1 case exportation denied, 1 other case;

Textile goods:  10 cases released with authorization or bond, 1 case exportation denied;

Electronic components:  5 cases released with authorization or bond, 1 case exportation denied;

Other goods:  30 cases released with authorization or bond, 4 cases exportation denied. 

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¤E¤Q¦~¤Q¦Ü¤Q¤G¤ë¦æ¬F°|·s»D§½¤Î¦a¤è¬F©²¦³Ãö³æ¦ì¦@¬d¹î¤Î¨ú½lMTV216®a¦¸(§t10¤ë71®a¦¸¡B11¤ë75®a¦¸¤Î12¤ë70®a¦¸¡F¨ä¤¤±ß¶¡8®É¥H«á¬d¹î¨ú½l162®a¦¸¡A¥]¬A10¤ë50®a¦¸¡B11¤ë51®a¦¸¤Î12¤ë61®a¦¸)¡B¿ý¼v¸`¥Ø±a¯²°â©±746®a¦¸¡]¥]§t10¤ë244®a¦¸¡B11¤ë239®a¦¸¤Î12¤ë263®a¦¸¡^¤Î¨ä¥L¦@267®a¦¸¡C 

¬O¶µ´Á¶¡¦@­p¬d¦©¹Hªk¿ý¼v¸`¥Ø±a14,073¨÷¡]§t¬A10¤ë11,724¨÷¡B11¤ë2,187¨÷¤Î12¤ë162¨÷¡^¤Î¼v­µ¥úºÐ65,552¤ù¡]§t10¤ë59,254¤ù¡B11¤ë2,353¤ù¤Î12¤ë3,945¤ù¡^¡F¨Ì«IÅv¤Î§«®`­·¤Æ²¾°e°»¿ì®×¥ó¦@12¥ó¡]§t10¤ë5¥ó¤Î11¤ë7¥ó¡^¤Î¼s¹qªk®Ö³B®×¥ó­p78¥ó¡]¥]§t10¤ë28¥ó¡B11¤ë16¥ó¤Î12¤ë34¥ó¡^¡C 

¥t¬O¶µ´Á¶¡¡A°]¹Îªk¤H¹q¼v¤Î¿ý¼vµÛ§@«OÅ@°òª÷·|¡]FVWP¡^®Ú¾Ú¸Ó§½¬d¹î¨ú½l¸ê®Æ¡A³w¦æ²¾°e°»¿ì®×¥ó¡A­p¦³¯A¶û«I®`µÛ§@Åv®×¥ó13¥ó¡]§Y10¤ë5¥ó¡B11¤ë7¥ó¤Î12¤ë1¥ó¡^¡C 

Results of GIO Investigations of Video Rental Industry in 4th Quarter 2001

During the period from October to December 2001, the Government Information Office (GIO) and the local government agencies jointly conducted 216 raids on MTV parlors (71 in October, 75 in November and 70 in December; 162 of these raids were conducted after 8pm, being 50 in October, 51 in November, and 61 in December).  They also conducted 746 raids on video rental stores (244 in October, 239 in November, and 263 in December) and 267 investigations into other business establishments. 

As a result, the authorities seized 14,073 illegal videotapes (11,724 in October, 2,187 in November, and 162 in December) and 65,552 optical media disks (59,254 in October, 2,353 in November, and 3,945 in December).  12 cases were referred to the prosecutors for infringement and violation of public morals (being 5 cases in October and 7 in November), while 78 were subject to administrative sanctions under the Broadcasting and Television Law (being 28 cases in October, 16 in November, and 34 in December). 

During this period, based on the results of GIO investigations, the Film and Video Works Protection Foundation (FVWP) also referred 13 cases to the prosecutors' office for suspected copyright infringement, being 5 cases in October, 7 cases in November, and 1 case in December. 

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¤E¤Q¦~¤Q¦Ü¤Q¤G¤ë¦æ¬F°|·s»D§½¤Î¦a¤è¬F©²¦³Ãö³æ¦ì¬d¹î¨ú½l¦³½u¹qµø(¼½°e)¨t²Î·~¦@473®a¦¸¡]§t10¤ë163®a¦¸¡B11¤ë182®a¦¸¤Î12¤ë128®a¦¸¡F¨ä¤¤±ß¶¡8®É¥H«á¬d¹î¨ú½l88®a¦¸¡A¥]¬A10¤ë33®a¦¸¡B11¤ë30®a¦¸¤Î12¤ë25®a¦¸¡^¡A¤À§O¬O¾÷©Ð¬dÅç155®a¦¸¡]¥]§t10¤ë49®a¦¸¡B11¤ë49®a¦¸¤Î12¤ë57®a¦¸¡^¡A¦@¬dÀò1®a¦¸¹H¤ÏÅv§Q«OÅ@³W©w¤Î6®a¦¸¹H¤Ï¼s§iªk³W¡A¦Ó´ú¿ý«h¬dÅç318®a¦¸¡]§t¬A10¤ë114®a¦¸¡B11¤ë133®a¦¸¤Î12¤ë71®a¦¸¡^¡A­p¬dÀò100®a¦¸¹H¤Ï¼s§i»P5®a¦¸¹H¤Ï¸`¥Øµ¥ªk³W¡C 

¦¹¥~¡A¬O¶µ´Á¶¡¸Ó§½³B²z¥Á²³¥Ó¶D¤Ï¬M®×¥ó­p893¥ó¡]§t10¤ë266¥ó¡B11¤ë315¥ó¤Î12¤ë312¥ó¡^¡A¤À§O¬O¯A¶û¹H¤Ï¸`¥Ø³W©w68¥ó¡]§t10¤ë24¥ó¡B11¤ë21¥ó¤Î12¤ë23¥ó¡^¡B¹H¤Ï¼s§i³W©w189¥ó¡]§Y10¤ë71¥ó¡B11¤ë71¥ó¤Î12¤ë47¥ó¡^¡B¹H¤Ï¶O¥Î³W©w242¥ó¡]¥]§t10¤ë64¥ó¡B11¤ë82¥ó¤Î12¤ë96¥ó¡^¤Î¹H¤ÏÅv§Q«OÅ@³W©w394¥ó¡]§t¬A10¤ë107¥ó¡B11¤ë141¥ó¤Î12¤ë146¥ó¡^¡C 

GIO Uncovers 101 Violating Cable TV Operators in 4th Quarter 2001

During the period from October to December 2001, the Government Information Office (GIO) and local government agencies jointly conducted 473 raids on cable TV operators (being 163 in October, 182 in November and 128 in December; 88 of these raids were conducted after 8pm, being 33 in October, 30 in November and 25 in December).  These investigations consisted of 155 investigations of primary broadcasting facilities (being 49 in October, 49 in November and 57 in December), uncovering 1 violation of rights protection regulations and 6 violations of advertising regulations; and 318 investigations via test recordings (being 114 in October, 133 in November and 71 in December), uncovering 100 violations of advertising regulations and 5 violations of programming regulations. 

In addition, the GIO handled 893 cases of consumer complaints (being 266 in October, 315 in November and 312 in December).  They are respectively 68 suspected programming violations (24 in October, 21 in November and 23 in December), 189 advertising violations (71 in October, 71 in November and 47 in December), 242 fees regulation violations (64 in October, 82 in November and 96 in December), and 394 rights protection regulation violations (107 in October, 141 in November, and 146 in December). 

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¨Ì¾Ú°]¹Îªk¤H°ê»Ú°Û¤ù·~¥æ¬y°òª÷·|(IFPI, Members' Foundation in Taiwan)´N¦³Án¥Xª©«~¨ú½lªº²Î­p¸ê®Æ©ÜÅS¡A¤E¤Q¦~¤Q¦Ü¤Q¤G¤ë¸Ó·|¨ó¦Pĵ¹î¾÷Ãöµ¥¬ÛÃö³æ¦ì¬d¹î¨ú½l«IÅv¤§¦³Án¥Xª©«~®×¥ó­p661¥ó¡A¥]¬A©]¥«Åu³c626¥ó¡B¤¤½Y2¥ó¡B¤u¼t1¥ó¡B­Ü®w9¥ó¡BMP3³c½æ2¥ó¡Bªù¥«1¥ó¡B¥]¸Ë¤¤¤ß3¥ó¤Î¦í®a17¥óµ¥¡A¦@¬d¦©µsª©¥d±a148¨÷¡BCD947,741¤ù¡BMP3  70¤ù¡BCD-R 92¤ù¡BVCD 358¤ù¤Î¾÷±ñ³]³Æ»P¥b¦¨«~¤A§å¡A¥«³õµû¦ô·l¥¢¦@¬ù998,073,250¤¸¡C¦¹¥~¡A¸Ó©u¬dÀò¯A¶û«I®`µÛ§@Åv¦Ó²¾°e°»¿ì¤§¶ûºÃ¥Ç­p799¤H¡C 

Work by IFPI in 4th Quarter 2001

According to statistics recently released by the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry, Members' Foundation in Taiwan (IFPI), the IFPI had assisted police and other related agencies with a total of 661 raids for infringing audio products during the period from October to December 2001.  These consisted of raids on 626 night market vendors, 2 intermediaries, 1 factory, 9 warehouses, 2 MP3 vendors, 1 retailer, 3 packing centers and 17 residential premises, resulting in seizures of 148 pirated cassettes, 947,741 pirated CDs, 70 MP3 disks, 92 CD-Rs, 358 VCDs, and a set of machinery, equipment and semi-finished goods.  This constitutes an estimated loss of NT$998,073,250 at market value.  In addition, a total of 799 defendants were referred to the Prosecutors' Office for suspected infringement of copyright. 

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®Ú¾Ú°]¹Îªk¤H¹q¼v¤Î¿ý¼vµÛ§@«OÅ@°òª÷·|¡]FVWP¡^´NµøÅ¥µÛ§@ª«¤§½Õ¬d¡B¨ú½l¤Î¨ä¯u«~¥­¦æ¿é¤J¤§³B²zªº²Î­p¸ê®Æ©ÜÅS¡A¤E¤Q¦~¤Q¦Ü¤Q¤G¤ë¸Ó·|¨ü²z®üÃö°õ¦æµøÅ¥µÛ§@ª«¯u«~¥­¦æ¿é¤J¥æ¥I¬d¸ß¤§®×¥ó­p¦³9¥ó¡A¬d¸ßµ²ªGºÃ¦ü¥¼¸g¦Xªk±ÂÅv¤§®×¥ó¦³3¥ó¡C 

¬O¶µ´Á¶¡¡AFVWP¨Ã°w¹ï¿ý¼v±a¥X¯²©±¡BMTVµøÅ¥¤¤¤ß¡B¼vºÐ¥æ´«¤¤¤ßµ¥¶i¦æ¤F578¥ó½Õ¬d¡A¥t·|¦P¦æ¬F°|·s»D§½µ¥¬ÛÃö¬F©²¾÷Ãö°õ¦æ402¥ó¨ú½l¤u§@¡A¦@­p¬d¦©¿ý¼v±a¡B¼vºÐ¡BVCD¡BDVDµ¥­p932,028¨÷¡]¤ù¡^¡C 

¦¹¥~¡AFVWP¥N²z¬ü°ê¹q¼v¨ó·|¡]MPAA¡^ªº·|­û¤½¥q¦V§Ú°êªk°|´£°_540¥ó¶D³^®×¡C 

Work by FVWP in 4th Quarter of 2001

From October to December 2001, the Foundation for the Protection of Film and Video Works (FVWP) handled 9 cases of suspected parallel importation of copyrighted audio-visual works referred by the Customs authorities, and found 3 cases where copyright appeared not to be duly licensed. 

During the same period the FVWP had conducted 578 investigations of video rental stores, MTV parlors and laser disc exchange centers.  It also carried out 402 raids with the assistance of the Government Information Office (GIO) and other agencies, resulting in the seizure of 932,028 videotapes, laser discs, VCDs and DVDs. 

In addition the FVWP has filed 540 lawsuits in Taiwan on behalf of member companies of the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA). 

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91 Persons Sentenced to 1+ Years Imprisonment in Affirmed IPR Cases in 4th Quarter 2001

According to statistics released by the Ministry of Justice, during the period from October to December 2001 there were 731 defendants in affirmed cases of copyright, trademark or patent infringement heard by R.O.C. courts (252 defendants in October, 273 in November, and 206 in December).  Amongst these, 505 were convicted and sentenced to imprisonment, detention or fines (being 190 defendants in October, 170 in November, and 145 in December). 

Amongst the convictions, 325 defendants were sentenced to 6 months or less, being 116 in October (including 7 in U.S.-related cases), 114 in November (including 7 in U.S.-related cases), and 95 in December (including 10 in U.S.-related cases).  35 defendants were sentenced to between 6 and 12 months, being 16 in October (including 4 U.S.-related cases), 10 in November (including 2 U.S.-related cases), and 9 in December (including 2 U.S.-related cases).  84 defendants were sentenced to 1 year or more but less than 2 years, being 31 in October (including 4 U.S.-related cases), 28 in November (including 6 U.S.-related cases), and 25 in December (including 2 U.S.-related cases).  7 defendants were sentenced to 2 years or more but less than 3 years, being 2 in October, 4 in November (including 1 U.S.-related case), and 1 in December.  43 were sentenced to detention, being 19 in October (including 5 U.S.-related cases), 13 in November (including 3 U.S.-related cases), and 11 in December.