智財權簡訊

1.因應網路數位科技發展我國將修正著作權法

為因應網路數位科技發展，經濟部智慧財產局所研擬之「著作權法部分條文修正草案」計二十九條，其中修正二十三條，增訂五條，刪除一條，將於近日陳報經濟部審查，預計於今年年底以前由行政院送請立法院審議。各該修正規定完成立法程序後，將使我國著作權法合於國際著作權法制之發展，並足以因應網路數位化科技發展對於著作權法制之挑戰。

該草案之重點，在數位化科技方面，主要包括禑新賦予著作人在網路上傳播其著作的「公開傳播權」。禙禁止對於著作權人所採取的科技保護措施加以規避或破解，或製造、散布或提供專供規避或破解科技保護措施之設備或資訊等，保護著作權人對其著作所附加之電子化著作權權利管理訊息。辻配合新增「公開傳播權」調整合理使用相關規定。

關於合理使用規定部分，八十一年修正公布之著作權法將各類合理使用詳列為第四十四條至第六十五條，計二十二種態樣，而為了順應科技與社會之發展情狀，八十七年修正公布之著作權法更於第六十五條第二項增訂「其他合理使用」之概括條款加以規範。由於著作權係屬私權，對於合理使用之範圍，各國著作權法及行政機關均無從加以明確界定，如能透過當事人協商之機制，將有助於紓解訟源，此次草案增訂第六十五條第三項，進一步希望藉由主管機關著作權審議及調解委員會提供諮詢意見之途徑，由著作權人團體與利用人團體協商約定合理使用參考標準，以資適用。

經濟部智慧財產局並說明，依目前法制之規定，該局之著作權業務重點工作包括：一、著作權相關事項之審議及調解；二、對著作權仲介團體之監督與輔導；三、著作權法令之宣導；四、著作權法制之研究、解釋、諮詢與修正。為強化該局服務行政效能，有效解決著作權案件之爭議，進行中之著作權法部分條文修正草案並從三方面進行調整，其重點包括(1)建立合理使用參考標準之當事人協商機制，此係由著作權人團體與利用人團體協商約定，協商不成，得申請諮詢主管機關著作權審議及調解委員會之意見。(2)強化主管機關對於著作權調解之效力，使調解與法院之確定判決有同一之效力，調解成立後，當事人就該事件不得再行起訴、告訴或自訴。(3)著作權侵害案件所涉刑罰之檢討，將侵害著作人格權及非營利性侵害著作財產權案件除罪化，至於營利性侵害著作財產權，則依侵害情形之嚴重性科予不同刑責，並區分為告訴或非告訴乃論，藉以有效遏止侵權之泛濫，並同時兼顧刑罰合理、正當與公平性。

Digital Technology & Copyright Law Amendments

In response to developments in Internet and digital technology, the Intellectual Property Office (IPO) has prepared draft Amendments to the Copyright Law, consisting of 29 articles. These Amendments, which are to be reviewed by the Ministry of Economic Affairs (MOEA) shortly, will amend 23 of the existing articles, abolish 1 article, and insert 5 new articles. It is expected that they will be submitted by the Administrative Yuan for approval of the Legislative Yuan by the end of this year. Once these Amendments are adopted, Taiwan's Copyright Law regime will be consistent with international developments and be better equipped to deal with the challenges posed by advancements in Internet and digital technology.
The proposed Amendments deal with the following main issues concerning digital technology: (a)Authors now have a "right of communication to the public" for communicating their works via the Internet;(b)In order to protect copyright owners' electronic rights management information in respect of their electronic works, it is prohibited to attempt to circumvent or decode technical protective mechanisms adopted by a copyright owner, or to produce, distribute or supply equipment or information intended to circumvent or decode such protective mechanisms;(c)Provisions relating to "reasonable use" are revised with reference to the newly inserted "right of communication to the public".
With regards to reasonable use provisions, the 1992 revision of the Copyright Law had detailed 22 forms of reasonable use in Articles 44 to 65, and the 1998 revision further inserted a general "other reasonable use" provision in Paragraph 2 of Article 65, in order to capture any new uses resulting from technol
ogical and social developments. As copyright is considered a private right, it is not possible for national administrative bodies and copyright legislations to strictly delineate what might be considered a "reasonable use". Therefore, a mechanism for negotiation between the parties will help to reduce the incidence of litigation, and for this reason the present Amendments propose to insert Paragraph 3 of Article 65. It is hoped that through the Copyright Examination & Mediation Committee's consultation services, copyright associations and user associations will be able to jointly determine a set of standards for "reasonable use".
The IPO further explained that under the present legal system, the work of the IPO primarily involves:(A) examination and mediation of copyright-related matters;(B)supervision and guidance of copyright intermediary organizations;(C)promotion of copyright legislation; and (D)research, interpretation, consultation and amendment of copyright law systems. With a view to improving the administrative efficiency of the IPO, so as to effectively resolve copyright disputes, the present draft Amendments propose to make the following 3 main adjustments:(a)establish a party-negotiation mechanism for determining a set of standards for reasonable use. These standards should be determined by negotiation between copyright associations and user associations, failing which such associations may apply to the Copyright Examination & Mediation Committee for its recommendations; (b) mediation decisions of the competent copyright mediation authority are to have equal force as affirmed court judgments, so that once the mediation process has been concluded, the parties may not file a separate civil or criminal suit in respect of the same case; and(c)penalties for copyright infringement are reviewed, and moral right infringements as well as non-commercial copyright infringements are to be de
criminalized. Different penalties are imposed in respect of commercial copyright infringements, depending on the seriousness of the infringement, and offences may now be either complaint-based or non-complaint-based. These measures are intended to reduce copyright infringement, as well as take into account the reasonableness, appropriateness and fairness of the penalties.

2.智慧局修正「商標識別性審查基準」

經濟部智慧財產局為適用商標法第五條規定訂定之「商標識別性審查基準」，惟為因應審查實務等需求，該局於日前召開該基準修正草案公聽會。該草案除新增具識別性商標之例示，並補充不具識別性商標之例示。

IPO to Revise "Examination Standards for Trademark Distinctiveness"
In response to issues arising from the trademark examination process, the IPO has recently held a public hearing to solicit comments for draft Amendments to the Examination Standards for Trademark Distinctiveness under Article 5 of the Trademark Law. The draft Amendments propose to increase the number of examples for distinctive trademarks, as well trademarks considered to lack distinctiveness.

3.商標註冊證遺失得以聲明書申請補發

經濟部智慧財產局於民國九十年八月一日以(九○)智商字第0905000043-0號函，公告申請人申請補發商標註冊證時，應出具之遺失證明，自即日起得以聲明書為之，本項措施並適用於目前申請中之補發商標註冊證案件。

Application for Reissue of Lost Trademark Certificates

The IPO, by its Letter Ref. (90)-Chi-Shan-0905000043-0 dated August 1, 2001, has recently announced that when applying for a reissue of trademark certificates, the applicant may now submit a Declaration instead of a Certification of Loss. This also applies to presently pending applications for a reissue of trademark certificates.

4.智慧局公告新修正「輸出視聽著作及代工鐳射唱片申請核驗著作權文件作業要點」

經濟部智慧財產局於民國九十年八月十四日以(九○)智著字第0906000608-0號函公告新修正「輸出視聽著作及代工鐳射唱片申請核驗著作權文件作業要點」及相關表件
，並自民國九十年九月一日起開始實施，相關資料可至
http://www.moeaipo.gov.tw/ipo.asp?sub=6參考。

IPO Revises "Guidelines for Inspection of Exports of Audio-visual Copyrighted Works and OEM Audio CDs"

The IPO, by its Letter Ref. (90)-Chi-Chu-0906000608-0 dated August 14, 2001 has recently announced a revision to the Guidelines for Inspection of Exports of Audio-visual Copyrighted Works and OEM Audio CDs and relevant forms. The revision takes effect on September 1,2001 and related information may be obtained from the IPO's website at:http://www.moeaipo.gov.tw/ipo.asp?sub=6

5.經濟部呼籲全民及企業、學校尊重智財權使用合法軟體

二十一世紀是知識經濟的時代，保護智慧財產權不僅攸關國家整體經濟發展，且已成為國際間共同關切之焦點，經濟部於日前再次呼籲全民及企業、學校共同尊重他人智慧財產權，建立「使用者付費」之正確觀念，務必使用合法軟體，共創國內優質企業環境並維持我國際間之良好形象。

MOEA Calls for Public Respect for IPRs

The 21st Century is the era of information economy, and protection of intellectual property rights is not only crucial to the overall economic development of a country, it is also a common concern of the international community. The MOEA has recently reiterated the importance of respect for intellectual property rights, and calls for the general public, businesses and schools to adopt the correct concept of "user pays" by using licensed software. In this way we will be able to create a quality business environment in Taiwan, as well as enhance our international image.

6.經濟部表揚執行保護智財權有功員警並展示查緝仿冒成果

經濟部為表揚執行保護智慧財產權相關執法人員之辛勤與努力，業於八月二十八日在該部舉行「九十年度表揚警察機關執行保護智慧財產權工作績優單位頒獎典禮」。經統計全國各警察機關八十九年共計查獲侵害智慧財產權案件四三○四件、仿冒品總值達八十三億五八七０萬三八四九元。
經濟部智慧財產局在會場陳列許多重大案件之成果照片，
並將查獲之仿冒品與被侵權之真品併列，且提供真仿品比較之訣竅。此外，該局亦安排於經濟部廣場舉行壓毀仿冒品活動，在經濟部、內政部、法務部及外國駐華代表及權利人團體等相關單位之見證下，將仿冒品以重型壓路機予以「粉碎」，也再度向國際間宣示我國保護智財權落實查禁仿冒之決心。

MOEA Recognizes Police Achievements in IPR Protection

In order to recognize outstanding dedication and efforts of the police in enforcing protection of intellectual property rights, on August 28 the MOEA held the "2001 Awards Ceremony in Recognition of Outstanding Achievements by Police Units in Protection of Intellectual Property Rights". Statistics show that during the year 2000, police units around Taiwan had investigated a total of 4,304 cases of IPR infringement, and confiscated infringing goods to the value of NT$8,358,703,849.
At the Ceremony the IPO displayed photographs of a number of significant cases. It also displayed genuine and counterfeit products side by side, and provided visitors with helpful hints on how to distinguish between the two. The IPO had also arranged for a "squash the counterfeits" event to take place on the MOEA square, where a heavy road roller "squashed" confiscated counterfeits, witnessed by members of the MOEA, the Ministry of Interior, Ministry of Justice, foreign diplomatic dignitaries, and IPR groups. The event reiterates to the international community Taiwan's determination to protect intellectual property rights and thoroughly prosecute counterfeiting activities.

7.智慧局提出因應專利及商標審查人力嚴重不足之方案

專利申請案從一九九０年的三萬四千餘件，到二０００年已增加至六萬一千餘件，商標申請案也從一九九０年的五萬六千餘件，成長至二０００年的八萬八千餘件，而我國入會後申請案量將更與日遽增。
緣此，經濟部智慧財產局提出三個方案，以因應專利、商標審查人力嚴重不足等問題，包括維持現有法定員額，僅調整審查人員之比例，如縮減高級審查官之配置，而增加審查官及助理審查官之人力；另是合理增加審查人員編制員額；而第三方案則為設置「財團法人專利、商標審查中心」，由該局將部分審查業務，委託該中心辦理。

IPO Proposes Solutions to Serious Shortage of Patent & Trademark Examiners

The number of patent applications has increased from 34,000 cases in 1990 to being in excess of 61,000 in the year 2000. Similarly the number of trademark applications has grown from 56,000 in 1990 to 88,000 in the year 2000. It is expected that these numbers will multiply following Taiwan's entry to the WTO.
In response to the resultant problem of serious shortages of patent and trademark examiners, the IPO has proposed 3 possible solutions, being:(a)maintain the present quota of examiners but adjust its proportions, i.e. reduce the number of senior examiners, but increase the numbers of examiners and assistant examiners;(b)an appropriate increase of the quota of examiners; and(c)establish a separate "Patent & Trademark Examination Center" and delegate certain examination procedures to this Center.

8.我國本（九十年）第二季專利及商標申請暨公告案件情形

茲據經濟部智慧財產局統計資料披露，民國九十年四至六月該局受理專利新申請案計16,927件，較去年同期微增8.19%，其中發明案件較上年同期成長近二成左右，新型及新式樣均呈微幅衰退。本國人專利新申請案雖僅微幅上升，但發明案較上年同期大幅成長約四成。至於專利公告核准案為12,055件，較去年同期上升20.63%，其中本國人發明案件較上年同期成長四成以上，新型較上年成長近一成左右，新式樣案件呈微幅衰退。
此外，該局民國九十年第二季受理商標新申請案件共16,499件，較去年同期減少24.78%，而商標公告核准案件計19,426件，則較去年同期成長20.13%。

Patent & Trademark Applications in 2nd Quarter of 2001

According to statistics released by the IPO, it had handled 16,927 new patent applications during the period from April to June 2001, representing a slight increase of 8.19% from the same period last year. Amongst these, the number of invention applications increased by around 20%, while the numbers of new utility model and new design applications both fell slightly. The number of new patent applications filed by Taiwanese nationals only increased slightly, but the number of invention applications increased by around 40% compared to the same period last year. The number of approved and gazetted applications was 12,055, representing an increase of 20.63% from the previous year. Amongst these, approved invention patents by Taiwanese nationals increased by more than 40%, new utility model patents increased by close to 10%, while new design patents fell slightly.
The IPO also handled a total of 16,499 new trademark applications during the 2nd quarter of 2001, representing a fall of 24.78% from the same period last year. The number of approved and gazetted trademark applications was 19,426, representing an increase of 20.13% from the same period last year.

9.FVWP九十年第一季反盜錄工作成果

根據財團法人電影及錄影著作保護基金會（FVWP）就視聽著作物之調查、取締及其真品平行輸入之處理的統計資料披露，九十年一至三月該會受理海關執行視聽著作物真品平行輸入交付查詢之案件計有2件，查詢結果無疑似未經合法授權之案件。
是項期間，FVWP並針對錄影帶出租店、MTV視聽中心、影碟（LD）交換中心等進行了117件調查，另會同行政院新聞局等相關政府機關執行93件取締工作，共計查扣錄影帶、影碟、VCD、DVD等23,595卷（片）。
此外，FVWP代理美國電影協會（MPAA）的會員公司向我國法院提起55件訴訟案。

Work by FVWP in 1st Quarter of 2001

From January to March 2001, the Foundation for the Protection of Film and Video Works (FVWP) handled 2 cases of suspected parallel importation of copyrighted audio-visual works referred by the Customs authorities, but found that both had been duly licensed.
During the same period the FVWP had conducted 117 investigations of video rental stores, MTV parlors and laser disc exchange centers. It also carried out 93 raids with the assistance of the Government Information Office (GIO) and other agencies, resulting in the seizure of 23,595 videotapes, laser discs, VCDs and DVDs.
In addition the FVWP has filed 55 lawsuits in Taiwan on behalf of member companies of the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA).

10.美國專利引文分析資料庫

由美國Mogee研究與分析協會自行開發的「專利引文分析資料庫PCAD (Patent Citation Analysis Database)」，除有自1975年起迄今的美國專利及其參考文獻，並含該專利和引文的檢索及分析軟體。檢索欄位有專利證號、專利名稱、美國及國際專利分類、發明人及其所在的國家、受讓人、申請日及公告日等。運用該資料庫研擬之報告，將可用於競爭情報、專利投資管理與許可、戰略發展與分析等。
(本報導彙整自中國大陸國家知識產權局網站海外傳真資料)

The Patent Citation Analysis Database (PCAD), developed by the American Mogee Research & Analysis Associates, contains information from all patents and reference materials since 1975, and includes software for search and analysis of a patent and its citations. It allows the user to search for patent numbers, titles, U.S. and international classifications, inventors and their countries of domicile, assignees, filing dates and gazette dates etc. Reports prepared using the PCAD can be utilized in competitiveness reports, patent investment management and licensing, strategic development and analysis and so on.
(The above report is compiled from information released by the PRC Intellectual Property Office website)